“Baseball Science” MLB Baseball Specific Endurance Core · Baseball Position 1

MLB Baseball Specific Endurance Testing Metrics and Training Load Management

MLB Baseball Specific Endurance Core Testing Metrics

(Baseball-Specific Endurance Testing Metrics)

Yo-Yo IR2 Intermittent Recovery Test

Purpose: To assess high-intensity intermittent endurance (High-Intensity Intermittent Endurance)

MLB Application: Simulates offensive and defensive transition sprints (90ft/27.4m base running) + defensive reaction

Benchmark: Elite players ≥ Level 18 (total distance > 2280m)

Repeated Sprint Ability (RSA) Test

Protocol: 10×30m sprints, rest ratio 1:5 (20s sprint / 100s rest)

Key Metrics:

▶️ Fatigue Index = (best time − worst time) / best time × 100%

▶️ MLB Standard: ≤7.5% (outfielders require ≤6.8%)❗

Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max) Field Test

Method:

✨ 30-15 IFT (Intermittent Fitness Test)

✨ Shuttle runs + directional changes (Cone Drills)

Professional Standards:

▶️ Pitchers ≥ 55 ml/kg/min

▶️ Position players ≥ 62 ml/kg/min ⚾

Rotational Power Endurance

Testing Tools:

✅ Gyroscopic Bat (Kinetic Swing Trainer)

✅ High-speed filming (120fps+)

Metrics:

▶️ Continuous 50 swings speed decay rate < 15%

▶️ Core temperature change ΔT < 1.2℃ (Infrared thermography)️

Cognitive-Motor Integration Endurance

NeuroTracker Test:

▶️ 3D object tracking (accuracy > 85% at last 90min of game)

▶️ Reaction time delay < 50ms (9th inning vs 1st inning comparison)

⚖️ Scientific Training Load Management Strategies

(Training Load Management)

ACWR (Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio) Monitoring

Formula:

ACWR = weekly load / 4-week average load

Optimal range: 0.8-1.3 (>1.5 injury risk increased by 300%)⚠️

Triple Load Quantification System

External Load:

▶️ Sprint Distance: >380m per game (outfielders)

▶️ Rotational Torque: pitchers >12,000 N·m per game

Internal Load:

▶️ TRIMP (Training Impulse) ≥450 AU/week

▶️ HRV (Heart Rate Variability) morning measurement < 70ms requires load reduction ❤️

Psychological Load:

▶️ RPE (Rate of Perceived Exertion) ≥ level 7 games < 20% of total games

⏱️ Dynamic Periodization Model

Preseason Prep Phase: VO2max training accounts for 40%

In-Season: RSA maintenance training > 2 times/week

Playoff Sprint Phase: Cognitive endurance training increased by 30%

AI Load Prediction Technology

Catapult GPS:

▶️ Real-time muscle fatigue alerts (eccentric contraction peak ↓15% triggers alarm)

DARI Motion Capture:

▶️ Pelvic rotation asymmetry > 8° automatically adjusts training volume

Biochemical Marker Monitoring

Key markers:

▶️ CK (Creatine Kinase) > 500 U/L → active recovery day

▶️ Cortisol morning value > 20 μg/dl → psychological intervention

Key Execution Principles (Key Principles)

✨ Specificity:

Endurance training must include the "Deceleration-Turn-Acceleration" triad (Decel-Turn-Accel Triad)

⚡ Compensation Effect:

When weekly pitching volume exceeds 120 pitches, RSA training volume should decrease by 25%

Neuromuscular Primacy:

Avoid lactate threshold training 48 hours before games (to prevent EMG frequency drop by 12%)

Pro Tip: MLB teams currently use the "T.I.M.E" model:

Tissue Capacity +

Injury Risk Threshold +

Metabolic Fatigue +

Environmental Stress = Personalized Load Plan ✅

Break the era of "training by feel" with scientific quantification! ⚾